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DEPARTMENTS

DEPARTMENT OF PHYSIOLOGY

The Physiology is a basic life science that deals with processes that occurs in the human body. It emphasizes the regulatory mechanisms that keep multiple biological systems integrated functions running smoothly.

Undergraduate students are provided with a strong foundation in the fundamentals of physiology. The teaching of physiology is more learner-centred and clinically focused.

Human physiology is a preclinical area investigates the ever changing ways in which the human body functions.

It is the foundation of basic medical sciences along with Anatomy and Biochemistry. The Department is well equipped with Human Physiology laboratory, Clinical physiology and research laboratory. Following are the utility of each laboratories.

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  1. Human Physiology laboratory
    1. Electrocardiography (ECG): Learning to record and interpret the heart's electrical signals to detect arrhythmias, hypertrophy, or conduction blocks.
    2. Blood Pressure Monitoring: Mastering sphygmomanometer and understanding the physiological variations in BP due to posture, exercise and stress.
    3. Spirometry: This is the primary tool to detect lung volumes (like TV, IRV, ERV) and capacities like timed vital capacity.
    4. Peak Expiratory Flow Rate (PEFR): A quick way to assess airway resistance, crucial for understanding obstructive conditions like asthma.
  2. Haematology laboratory
    1. Blood Cell Counts: Using haemocytometers to count RBCs and WBCs.
    2. Hemoglobin (Hb) Estimation: Determining the oxygen-carrying capacity of blood. Diagnosis of Anaemia, Polycythemia Assessment, Calculation of Red Cell Indices, MCHC (Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin Concentration) conveys the concentration of haemoglobin in a given volume of RBC.
    3. Blood Grouping and Hemostasis: Identifying ABO/Rh types and measuring bleeding/clotting times, which are vital for surgical physiology.
  3. Clinical Physiology laboratory
    1. Dermatomal Mapping: Helps to identify the level of a spinal cord injury. If a patient feels a pinprick at the umbilicus but not below indicates injury in thoracic segment.
    2. Dissociated Sensory Loss: Learning to distinguish between "Fine Touch" (Dorsal Column) and "Pain/Temperature" (Spinothalamic) allows you to diagnose specific conditions like Syringomyelia.
    3. Proprioception& Vibration: Vital for diagnosing Vitamin B12 deficiency or Tabes Dorsalis.
  4. Research Laboratory
    Autonomic function tests:
    1. Orthostatic Vital Signs: By measuring BP and heart rate while a patient is lying down versus standing, to test the Baroreceptor Reflex. Clinical failure of this sympathetic response leads to Orthostatic Hypotension (fainting upon standing).
    2. Heart Rate Variability (HRV): High HRV is a sign of a healthy, adaptive ANS (strong Vagal/Parasympathetic tone), while low HRV is a predictor of cardiac risk and autonomic neuropathy.

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